Key result
Male patients on maintenance hemodialysis had significantly higher serum Lp(a) levels compared to normal controls, suggesting end-stage renal disease itself may drive these elevations.
Case-Control (n=137)
Hemodialysis or end-stage renal disease itself may be responsible for elevated serum Lp(a) levels in hemodialysis patients, independent of hypoproteinemia.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Higher Lp(a) in male hemodialysis patients is hypothesis-generating; does not support Lp(a)-targeted interventions or practice change pending prospective data.
To further understand lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] and atherosclerosis, we measured serum Lp(a), lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein levels in 55 patients (males, 24-73 years old) on maintenance hemodialysis, and compared them with those of 82 controls (males, 21-81 years old). The serum Lp(a) levels in patients on maintenance hemodialysis were significantly higher than those of the normal controls, while serum total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, (HDL-C), HDL2-C, HDL3-C, apolipoprotein (apo) Al, apo All levels, and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activities were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in the patient group. The frequency distribution of serum Lp(a) levels in the patients was different from that in the control group, and no prognostic tendency of serum Lp(a) levels was noted by the etiology of renal failure as histologically determined by the renal biopsies. In the patient group, we also found that serum Lp(a) levels negatively correlated with serum triglycerides (TG) and total protein (TP) concentrations (p < 0.05), but no correlation was found between the duration of hemodialysis therapy or patient age and the serum levels of TC, TG, apo B and Lp(a) levels when tested for simple regression. Significant (p < 0.05) positive correlations were also found between TP and serum TG, apo B, and LCAT activities. These opposing tendencies of Lp(a) and serum TG, apo B, when measured against TP concentrations, indicate that serum TP levels may not affect serum lipoprotein and Lp(a) levels in the same direction. These data suggest that hemodialysis or end-stage renal disease itself, rather than hypoproteinemia, may hold the key to high serum Lp(a) levels in hemodialysis patients.
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Okura et al. (2008) conducted a case-control in End-stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis (n=137). Maintenance hemodialysis vs. Normal controls was evaluated on Serum Lipoprotein (a) levels. Male patients on maintenance hemodialysis had significantly higher serum Lp(a) levels compared to normal controls, suggesting end-stage renal disease itself may drive these elevations.
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