Study on the average weight of human parathyroid gland of different age and sex

Aim: To determine the average weight of human parathyroid gland of different age and sex Objective: Due to increasing number of cases of parathyroid gland disorders nowadays, there are rising trends of parathyroid gland surgeries and comprehensive data regarding the gland. This study is done to find out the changes in the weight and volume of the thyroid gland in different age groups. The age groups were Group A -up to 20 years, Group B-21-50 years and Gro gland is formed by four nodules originated from thethird and fourth bronchial arches, two at thyroid's right and left lobes apex and the remaining two on lower poles. Topography variations are common, because they are no correlation to thyroid, and can be found up to mediastinum, next to thymus. Each gland presents progressive growth up to the third decade of life, reaching a mean weight of 0.45 g in males and0.5 g in females, with longest axis Microscopically, they are constituted of main cells, clear cells and oxyphilous cells. The "main" cells are rounded with homogenous and slightly acidophil cytoplasm, producing parathormone. When secretion is lower , cytoplasmic granules of lipids and glycogen are accumulated, assuming characteristics of the so-1995). "Oxyphilous" cells are larger, with acidophil cytoplasm because of its y, progressive increasing in number with age, do not release parathormone and its All cells are like arrangement, interposed by fat tissue lobules. Parathormone is a protein with molecular weight of 8500 D4, constituted of simple polypeptide chain with 84 amino acids. It is the antagonist of calcitonin produced by