Why the study?
Although bariatric surgery improves white adipose tissue function beyond fat depot reduction, the causal relationships between improved adipose function and the health benefits of surgery merit further investigation.
Does bariatric surgery improve white adipose tissue composition and function in subjects with severe obesity?
Does bariatric surgery improve white adipose tissue composition and function in subjects with severe obesity?
This review highlights that bariatric surgery improves white adipose tissue biology and function beyond simple fat mass reduction, which may contribute to its metabolic benefits.
Bariatric surgery (BS) procedures are actually the most effective intervention to help subjects with severe obesity achieve significant and sustained weight loss. White adipose tissue (WAT) is increasingly recognized as the largest endocrine organ. Unhealthy WAT expansion through adipocyte hypertrophy has pleiotropic effects on adipocyte function and promotes obesity-associated metabolic complications. WAT dysfunction in obesity encompasses an altered adipokine secretome, unresolved inflammation, dysregulated autophagy, inappropriate extracellular matrix remodeling and insufficient angiogenic potential. In the last 10 years, accumulating evidence suggests that BS can improve the WAT function beyond reducing the fat depot sizes. The causal relationships between improved WAT function and the health benefits of BS merits further investigation. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the short-, medium- and long-term outcomes of BS on the WAT composition and function.
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Osorio-Conles et al. (2021) studied this question.
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