Why the study?
Does combined posterior-anterior and caudal fluoroscopy improve visualization and safety during venous access for pacemaker implantation?
Does combined posterior-anterior and caudal fluoroscopy improve visualization and safety during venous access for pacemaker implantation?
Combined posterior-anterior and caudal fluoroscopy is proposed as a safe and effective technique for visualizing anatomy during venous access for pacemaker implantation.
May facilitate safer venous access in device implantation; leaves open prospective validation against standard techniques.
We describe a technique that uses both posterior-anterior and caudal fluoroscopy to achieve venous access for pacemaker device implantation. A significant advantage of this technique is the ability to clearly demarcate both the anatomy of venous drainage and the lung border. We would encourage all centres to adopt this technique as a safe approach to venous access.
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Patel et al. (2017) studied this question.
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