Travelling electrical waves make the transmission direction-dependent in a single-sideband electro-optic modulator. Isolation is 30 dB; excess insertion loss is 8 dB. Residual r.m.s. ripple is 7% for RF driving amplitudes of 3.5 Vpp at 4.0 GHz. Transmission penalty for 40 Gbit/s RZ-DPSK signals is 0.2 dB estimated, 0 dB measured.
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Ibrahim et al. (2004) studied this question.
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