Electromagnetically Coupled Dipole Antennas in Nonreciprocal Microstrip

An integral equation approach is used to study the radiation and matching characteristics of an electromagnetically coupled dipole antenna. The dipole is located on top of a generalized anisotropic superstrate, which is itself on top of a grounded isotropic substrate. The feeding transmission line lies at the interface between these two layers. The integral equation is solved rigorously using the method of moments to find the current distribution on both conductors. Nonreciprocal transmission line analysis is then used to quantify how well the microstrip dipole and transmission line are matched based on the current distribution. Special considerations and advantages in the design of this type of antenna are discussed.