Observations made on the Ionosphere during Operations in Spitsbergen in 1942-43

Observations on the ionosphere were made in Spitsbergen (latitude 78° N., longitude 15° E.) in 1942-43 on behalf of the Admiralty. Observations in such a high latitude have seldon been made. The salient features of the equipment and site are described, the equipment proving excellent except for the magnetograph. Each region of the ionosphere is then considered in turn; the same main regions are found in Spitsbergen as elsewhere, but there are many abnormalities, of which the "Polar Spur" is perhaps the most interesting. Ionization often changes with great rapidity. The effects of magnetic storms are also described