Why the study?
Despite increasing detection of enteric virus-virus co-infection events, little is known about their impact on disease outcomes, vaccine responses, or human health.
This review highlights the clinical prevalence of enteric virus-virus co-infections and emphasizes the need for further research into their impact on disease outcomes and vaccine responses.
Impact of enteric viral co-infections on disease severity remains unknown; leaves open mechanistic and clinical outcome studies in gastroenteritis.
Enteric viral co-infections, infections involving more than one virus, have been reported for a diverse group of etiological agents, including rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus, adenovirus, and enteroviruses. These pathogens are causative agents for acute gastroenteritis and diarrheal disease in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals of all ages globally. Despite virus-virus co-infection events in the intestine being increasingly detected, little is known about their impact on disease outcomes or human health. Here, we review what is currently known about the clinical prevalence of virus-virus co-infections and how co-infections may influence vaccine responses. While experimental investigations into enteric virus co-infections have been limited, we highlight in vivo and in vitro models with exciting potential to investigate viral co-infections. Many features of virus-virus co-infection mechanisms in the intestine remain unclear, and further research will be critical.
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Makimaa et al. (2020) studied this question.
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