Inhibition of myogenesis by trifluoperazine and compound 48/80

When trifluoperazine (TFP), a calmodulin antagonist, was given to chick or rat myoblasts in cultures, formation of multinucleated myotubes was inhibited. The inhibition of cell fusion by TFP in rat cultures prevents the normal increase in the amount of acetylcholine receptors (AChR) and creatine kinase (CK), while the levels of these proteins in chick muscle cultures are hardly affected. Another calmodulin antagonist, compound 48/80, inhibits fusion at doses that correspond closely to its antagonistic effects on calmodulin. Thus, our results suggest a possible role for calmodulin in the regulation of myoblast fusion, but not on the appearance of muscle proteins.