Restoration of sinus rhythm by pulmonary vein isolation improves heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in atrial fibrillation patients

Figures

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  Figure 1. Study flowchart. AF, atrial fibrillation; ECG, electrocardiogram; ESC, European Society of Cardiology; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; no HF, no heart failure; pts, patients; TTE, transthoracic echocardiography.

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  Figure 2. Kaplan–Meier curves for freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence. HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; no HF, no heart failure.

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  Figure 3. Symptoms measured by NYHA class and reassessment of HFpEF criteria before and after PVI in HFpEF patients. (A) Patients show a significant reduction in heart failure symptoms after PVI. (B) Fifteen out of 35 patients (42.9%) show resolution of criteria for HFpEF diagnosis. HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; no HF, no heart failure; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PVI, pulmonary vein isolation.

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  Figure 4. Flowchart and results of ablation procedures in HFpEF patients. AT/AF, atrial tachyarrhythmia/atrial fibrillation; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; rHFpEF, resolved heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; sHFpEF, sustained heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

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  Figure 5. Hospitalizations 12 months before the index procedure and 12 months after the last ablation procedure in sustained HFpEF and resolved HFpEF patients. (A) All-cause hospitalization rate (fraction of patients that had been hospitalized at least once) 12 months before and 12 months after the procedure. (B) CV hospitalization rate. (C) Mean all-cause hospitalizations per patient. (D) Mean CV hospitalizations per patient. CV, cardiovascular; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; PVI, pulmonary vein isolation.