Nuclear Space Power Systems Using Magnetohydrodynamic Vortices

A magnetohydrodynamic generator is proposed as a conversion mechanism for a Rankine-cycle electric power system using a nuclear reactor as the energy source. Fundamental relationships existing between the various parameters of the magnetohydrodynamic vortex are presented and discussed. A comparison of the vortex and linear channel MHD generators is made, and it is demonstrated tha t under certain conditions the vortex is superior. Certain design considerations relative to the working fluid and fabrication materials are given. The system's performance is compared to a similar system using a mechanical turboalternator for conversion. The chief advantage of the magnetohydrodynamic system is tha t it is designed to operate at considerably higher temperatures than a high speed turbine, permitting the overall temperature level of the system to be raised accordingly. This yields a weight reduction of the order of 50% and higher for systems with power levels of 100 kw and higher.