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This research examines the relationship between obesity, dietary intake, and nutrient status in U.S. children aged 3–11 years.

August 3, 2026Obesity PillarsOpen Access

Hidden Nutritional Inadequacy in U.S. Children With Obesity: Evidence From National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2021–2023

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Cross-sectional analysis reveals obesity links to low protein and vitamin D levels in children, suggesting a need for improved nutritional care.

This research examines the relationship between obesity, dietary intake, and nutrient status in U.S. children aged 3–11 years.
Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from August 2021 to August 2023.
Inclusion criteria of children aged 3–11 years without dietary supplement use and dietary and anthropometric data (n=544).
Comparison of dietary intake and vitamin D biomarker levels using survey-weighted generalized linear models adjusted for age, gender, and race/ethnicity.
Obesity prevalence was 20.1% (95% CI: 16.8–23.4).
Children with obesity had lower protein intake relative to body weight (P ≤ 0.05) and 5.15 times higher odds of inadequate protein (OR 5.15, 95% CI 2.76–9.62; P < 0.001).
Lower vitamin D levels were observed in children with obesity, with OR 3.41 (95% CI 1.89–6.17; P < 0.001) for low vitamin D status.

Stutts et al. (2026) studied this question.

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August 3, 2026Obesity PillarsOpen Access

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Authors

Cross-sectional analysis reveals obesity links to low protein and vitamin D levels in children, suggesting a need for improved nutritional care.

This research examines the relationship between obesity, dietary intake, and nutrient status in U.S. children aged 3–11 years.
Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from August 2021 to August 2023.
Inclusion criteria of children aged 3–11 years without dietary supplement use and dietary and anthropometric data (n=544).
Comparison of dietary intake and vitamin D biomarker levels using survey-weighted generalized linear models adjusted for age, gender, and race/ethnicity.
Obesity prevalence was 20.1% (95% CI: 16.8–23.4).
Children with obesity had lower protein intake relative to body weight (P ≤ 0.05) and 5.15 times higher odds of inadequate protein (OR 5.15, 95% CI 2.76–9.62; P < 0.001).
Lower vitamin D levels were observed in children with obesity, with OR 3.41 (95% CI 1.89–6.17; P < 0.001) for low vitamin D status.

Stutts et al. (2026) studied this question.

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