Key result
A high-fat meal significantly decreased maximum peak flow-mediated dilation at 2 hours compared with baseline in obese African American women (MD -1.76; 95% CI -3.55 to 0.02; P≤0.05).
Why the study?
Does a high-fat meal induce endothelial dysfunction as measured by FMDpeak in obese African American women?
Does a high-fat meal induce endothelial dysfunction as measured by FMDpeak in obese African American women?
The individual's maximum peak dilation (FMDpeak) is a consistent measure for assessing endothelial function, demonstrating that endothelial dysfunction occurs 2 hours after a high-fat meal in obese African American women.
May warrant dietary caution in obese African American women; leaves open whether acute FMD changes predict outcomes.
BACKGROUND: Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is used to assess endothelial function through changes in vascular diameter after hyperemia. High-fat meal (HFM) has been shown to induce endothelial dysfunction; recent studies, however, reported conflicting results in obese African American women (AAW). Differences in the method used to analyze FMD may explain these discrepancies. METHODS AND RESULTS: In protocol 1, we assessed the time course of FMD and compared the repeatability of FMD using the individual maximum peak dilation (FMDpeak) and the dilation at 60 seconds (FMD60). Sixteen AAW (age, 42±10.4 years; body mass index [BMI], 39±5.8 kg/m(2)) were studied on 2 occasions, 4 weeks apart, under fasting conditions (study 1 and study 2). In protocol 2, we used the most repeatable measurement from protocol 1 to assess changes in endothelial function after an HFM in 17 AAW (agen 42±11.1 years; BMIn 38±5.6 kg/m(2)). We found that FMDpeak was the most repeatable measurement (N=16; study 1, 5.31±3.12% and study 2, 5.80±2.91%; r=0.94). After an HFM, the baseline brachial artery diameter significantly increased at 2 hours (0.10 mm; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01-0.18; P=0.03) and at 4 hours (0.17 mm; 95% CI, 0.09-0.25; P<0.001). At 2 hours, the FMDpeak decreased compared with pre-HFM (-1.76; 95% CI, -3.55-0.02; P≤0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The individual's maximum peak dilation after hyperemia is the most consistent measure to assess the effect of an HFM on endothelial function. Endothelial dysfunction occurred at 2 hours after an HFM in AAW. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ Unique identifiers: NCT01334554 and NCT02126735.
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Mariños et al. (2015) studied Endothelial dysfunction (n=33). High-fat meal vs. Pre-meal baseline was evaluated on Maximum peak flow-mediated dilation (FMDpeak) at 2 hours (MD -1.76, 95% CI -3.55 to 0.02, p=≤0.05). A high-fat meal significantly decreased maximum peak flow-mediated dilation at 2 hours compared with baseline in obese African American women (MD -1.76; 95% CI -3.55 to 0.02; P≤0.05).
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