Key result
HIV infection is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and highly active antiretroviral therapy has cardiometabolic effects that contribute to this risk.
This review summarizes the cardiovascular manifestations of HIV infection, the cardiometabolic effects of HAART, and strategies for ASCVD risk assessment and prevention in this population.
The advent of potent highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for persons infected with HIV-1 has led to a "new" chronic disease with complications including cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in persons with HIV infection. In addition to traditional risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia, infection with HIV is an independent risk factor for CVD. This review summarizes: (1) the vascular and nonvascular cardiac manifestations of HIV infection; (2) cardiometabolic effects of HAART; (3) atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk assessment, prevention and treatment in persons with HIV-1 infection.
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Lambert et al. (2015) conducted a review in HIV infection and cardiovascular disease. HIV infection and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was evaluated. HIV infection is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and highly active antiretroviral therapy has cardiometabolic effects that contribute to this risk.
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