We have designed and fabricated a high speed 850 nm oxide-confined vertical cavity surface emitting laser with an oxide aperture dimension of ~ 4 μm and a threshold current ITH=0.53 mA at room temperature (20°C). It demonstrates a modulation bandwidth of 21.2 GHz, and achieves a laser relative intensity noise reaching standard quantum limit 2hν/P0=-154.3 dB/Hz at high bias I/ITH=10. Furthermore, error-free data transmission at 40 Gb/s is obtained at I=6.5 mA which corresponds to an energy/data efficiency of 431 fJ/bit.
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Tan et al. (2013) studied this question.
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