Key result
User-specific NARX models using ECG and PPG signals demonstrated superior accuracy and correlation with ground truth blood pressure compared to PAT models during activities of daily living.
Why the study?
Accurate cuffless methods to estimate blood pressure during activities of daily living were needed.
Does a NARX model using ECG and PPG signals improve blood pressure estimation accuracy compared to PAT models in participants during activities of daily living?
Does a NARX model using ECG and PPG signals improve blood pressure estimation accuracy compared to PAT models in participants during activities of daily living?
A novel cuffless blood pressure estimation method using NARX models with ECG and PPG signals shows superior accuracy to PAT models during activities of daily living.
Hypothesis-generating for personalized cuffless BP monitoring; leaves open validation in larger trials before clinical use.
The objective is to develop a cuffless method that accurately estimates blood pressure (BP) during activities of daily living. User-specific nonlinear autoregressive models with exogenous inputs (NARX) are implemented using artificial neural networks to estimate the BP waveforms from electrocardiography and photoplethysmography signals. To broaden the range of BP in the training data, subjects followed a short procedure consisting of sitting, standing, walking, Valsalva maneuvers, and static handgrip exercises. The procedure was performed before and after a six-hour testing phase wherein five participants went about their normal daily living activities. Data were further collected at a four-month time point for two participants and again at six months for one of the two. The performance of three different NARX models was compared with three pulse arrival time (PAT) models. The NARX models demonstrate superior accuracy and correlation with "ground truth" systolic and diastolic BP measures compared to the PAT models and a clear advantage in estimating the large range of BP. Preliminary results show that the NARX models can accurately estimate BP even months apart from the training. Preliminary testing suggests that it is robust against variabilities due to sensor placement. This establishes a method for cuffless BP estimation during activities of daily living that can be used for continuous monitoring and acute hypotension and hypertension detection.
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Landry et al. (2021) studied Blood pressure estimation (n=5). Nonlinear autoregressive models with exogenous inputs (NARX) vs. Pulse arrival time (PAT) models was evaluated on Accuracy and correlation with ground truth systolic and diastolic blood pressure measures. User-specific NARX models using ECG and PPG signals demonstrated superior accuracy and correlation with ground truth blood pressure compared to PAT models during activities of daily living.
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