Comparative Evaluation of Gingival Biotype and Recession in Smokers and Nonsmokers

incidence of dehiscence and fenestration formation in cases with thick biotypes. 5mong various techniques for gingival biotype determination, probe visibility is a noninvasive procedure with significant interexaminer reproducibility (approximately 85%). 6A CPP (Colorvue® Biotype Probe, Hu-Friedy, Chicago, IL) was introduced for the probe transparency method, which categorizes the gingiva into four biotypes (very thick, thick, medium, and thin). 7ingival health and gingivitis in a nonperiodontitis patient (recession and crown lengthening) can be defined as <10% and ≥10% bleeding sites, respectively, with probing depths IntroductIonThe word "gingival biotype" refers to the facio-palatal width of the gingiva determined by genetics. 1Ochsenbein and Ross first defined the biotype term to describe the gingival contour anatomy. 2 Later, Seibert and Lindhe came up with the term "periodontal biotype" and classified the periodontium into "thin-scalloped," which was linked to narrower keratinized gingiva and slender teeth and "thick-flat" biotypes, linked with wide keratinized gingiva and quadratic teeth. 3Generally, when the GT is >1 mm, it is categorized as a thick biotype and classified as thin when the thickness is <1 mm. 4 Periodontal health is mostly linked to thick gingiva as it appears dense and has a broader attachment, making it more resistant to inflammation and trauma.Thin gingiva is delicate and appears translucent.With a narrowly attached gingiva, the tissue seems friable and is more susceptible to inflammation or injury. 1 The thick gingival biotype has been considered an important factor for a successful outcome in periodontal therapy, implant restoration, and orthodontic treatment.Treatment of periodontitis patients with thick biotypes may show a less noticeable loss of attachment.Thicker biotypes also increase the probability of achieving complete root coverage during mucogingival surgery.It is also associated with decreased incidence of GR and less bone loss during implant restoration.Thus play a key role in implant esthetics and improving immediate implant success.In orthodontic therapy, it has been seen that tooth movement results in decreased recession and decreased 1,