Acute vasoreactivity testing predicts outcome of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension patients with a negative acute response

Figures

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  Figure 1. Comparison of the parameters of pre-AVT between survivors and non-survivors. (A) Comparison of pre-mRAP between survivors and non-survivors; (B) comparison of pre-mPAP between survivors and non-survivors; (C) comparison of pre-mPCWP between survivors and non-survivors; (D) comparison of pre-PVR between survivors and non-survivors; (E) comparison of pre-CO between survivors and non-survivors; (F) comparison of pre-CI between survivors and non-survivors; (G) comparison of pre-SvO2 between survivors and non-survivors; (H) comparison of pre-SaO2 between survivors and non-survivors. AVT, acute vasoreactivity testing; mRAP, mean right atrial pressure; mPCWP, mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; CO, cardiac output; CI, cardiac index; SvO2, mixed venous oxygen saturation; SaO2, artery oxygen saturation.

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  Figure 2. Comparison of the parameters of post-AVT between survivors and non-survivors. (A) Comparison of post-mRAP between survivors and non-survivors; (B) comparison of post-mPAP between survivors and non-survivors; (C) comparison of post-mPCWP between survivors and non-survivors; (D) comparison of post-PVR between survivors and non-survivors; (E) comparison of post-CO between survivors and non-survivors; (F) comparison of post-CI between survivors and non-survivors; (G) comparison of post-SvO2 between survivors and non-survivors; (H) comparison of post-SaO2 between survivors and non-survivors. AVT, acute vasoreactivity testing; mRAP, mean right atrial pressure; mPCWP, mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; CO, cardiac output; CI, cardiac index; SvO2, mixed venous oxygen saturation; SaO2, artery oxygen saturation.

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  Figure 3. Comparison of ΔAVT between survivors and non-survivors. Values are given as changes (Δ) during vasodilator testing. (A) Comparison of ΔmRAP between survivors and non-survivors; (B) comparison of ΔmPAP between survivors and non-survivors; (C) comparison of ΔmPCWP between survivors and non-survivors; (D) comparison of ΔPVR between survivors and non-survivors; (E) comparison of ΔCO between survivors and non-survivors; (F) comparison of ΔCI between survivors and non-survivors; (G) comparison of ΔSvO2 between survivors and non-survivors; (H) comparison of ΔSaO2 between survivors and non-survivors; (I) comparison of ΔPVR/PVR between survivors and non-survivors; (J) comparison of ΔCI/CI between survivors and non-survivors. AVT, acute vasoreactivity testing; mRAP, mean right atrial pressure; mPCWP, mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; CO, cardiac output; CI, cardiac index; SvO2, mixed venous oxygen saturation; SaO2, artery oxygen saturation.

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  Figure 4. Comparison of the parameters of pre-AVT and post-AVT of patients with IPAH. (A) Comparison of pre-mRAP and post-mRAP of patients with IPAH; (B) comparison of pre-mPAP and post-mPAP of patients with IPAH; (C) comparison of pre-mPCWP and post-mPCWP of patients with IPAH; (D) comparison of pre-PVR and post-PVR of patients with IPAH; (E) comparison of pre-CO and post-CO of patients with IPAH; (F) comparison of pre-CI and post-CI of patients with IPAH; (G) comparison of pre-SvO2 and post-SvO2 of patients with IPAH; (H) comparison of pre-SaO2 and post-SaO2 of patients with IPAH. AVT, acute vasoreactivity testing; IPAH, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension; mRAP, mean right atrium pressure; mPCWP, mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; CO, cardiac output; CI, cardiac index; SvO2, mixed venous oxygen saturation; SaO2, artery oxygen saturation.

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  Figure 5. Forest plot showing the univariate and multivariate analyses in hemodynamics. (A) Pre-AVT of all patients with IPAH; (B) post-AVT of all patients with IPAH; (C) ΔAVT of all patients with IPAH; (D) pre-AVT of males with IPAH; (E) post-AVT of males with IPAH; (F) ΔAVT of males with IPAH; (G) pre-AVT of females with IPAH; (H) post-AVT of females with IPAH; (I) ΔAVT of females with IPAH. AVT, acute vasoreactivity testing; IPAH, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.

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  Figure 6. Receiver operating characteristics of patients with IPAH. (A) Pre-CO of all patients with IPAH; (B) post-mPAP and post-PVR of all patients with IPAH; (C) pre-PVR and pre-SvO2 of males with IPAH; (D) post-mPAP of males with IPAH; (E) pre-mRAP and pre-PVR of females with IPAH; (F) post-PVR and post-SvO2 of females with IPAH; (G) ΔPVR of females with IPAH. IPAH, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension; CO, cardiac output; mRAP, mean right atrium pressure; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; SvO2, mixed venous oxygen saturation; SaO2, artery oxygen saturation.

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  Figure 7. Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival for patients with IPAH. (A) Pre-CO <3.25 L/min and pre-CO ≥3.25 L/min of all patients; (B) post-mPAP <52.5 mmHg and post-SvO2 <63.5% with post-mPAP <52.5 mmHg and post-SvO2 ≥63.5%, post-mPAP ≥52.5 mmHg and post-SvO2 <63.5%, post-mPAP ≥52.5 mmHg and post-SvO2 ≥63.5% of all patients; (C) pre-PVR <12.47 Wood units and pre-SvO2 <63.6% with pre-PVR <12.47 Wood units and pre-SvO2 ≥63.6%, pre-PVR ≥12.47 Wood units and pre-SvO2 <63.6%, pre-PVR ≥12.47 Wood units and pre-SvO2 ≥63.6% of males; (D) post-mPAP <51 mmHg with post-mPAP ≥51 mmHg of males; (E) pre-mRAP <9.50 mmHg and pre-PVR <13.65 Wood units with pre-mRAP <9.50 mmHg and pre-PVR ≥13.65 Wood units, pre-mRAP ≥9.50 mmHg and pre-PVR <13.65 Wood units, pre-mRAP ≥9.50 mmHg and pre-PVR ≥13.65 Wood units of females; (F) post-PVR <13.87 Wood units and post-SvO2 <63% with post-PVR <13.87 Wood units and post-SvO2 ≥63%, post-PVR ≥13.87 Wood units and post-SvO2 <63%, post-PVR ≥13.87 Wood units and post-SvO2 ≥63% of females; (G) ΔPVR <−0.35 Wood units with ΔPVR ≥−0.35 Wood units of females. IPAH, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension; CO, cardiac output; mRAP, mean right atrium pressure; PVR, pulmonary…