Why the study?
Magnesium deficiency is common in the ICU and linked to higher mortality and prolonged hospitalization, motivating evaluation of its association with SOFA scores.
Is hypomagnesemia associated with higher SOFA scores in patients admitted to the ICU?
Is hypomagnesemia associated with higher SOFA scores in patients admitted to the ICU?
Hypomagnesemia is common in critically ill ICU patients and is significantly associated with higher SOFA scores and the presence of diabetes mellitus.
Hypomagnesemia may flag higher illness severity in ICU; leaves open whether repletion improves outcomes in prospective trials.
Background: Magnesium deficiency has been reported in 20%–65% of patients in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting. They have mortality rates 2–3 times higher and prolonged hospitalization compared with those who have normal serum Mg levels. Objective: The objective of the study was to study serum magnesium levels in patients admitted to ICU and its association with sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 100 patients admitted to ICU. Detailed history, thorough physical examination, serum magnesium measurement, and routine investigations were performed. Based on serum magnesium levels, patients were divided into three groups: hypomagnesemia (<1.7 mg/dL), normomagnesemia (1.7–2.4 mg/dL), and hypermagnesemia (>2.4 mg/dL). SOFA score was calculated within 24 h of ICU admission. Results: Majority were male (65%). Majority were 41–60 years old (46%). Magnesium levels ranged from 1.0 mg/dL to 3.7 mg/dL, with a mean of 1.79 ± 0.59. The mean value of magnesium in the hypomagnesemia group was 1.225 ± 0.117, in the normomagnesemia group was 1.98 ± 0.2, and in the hypermagnesemia group was 2.96 ± 0.32. The mean SOFA score was significantly higher in patients with hypomagnesemia compared to patients with normomagnesemia and patients with hypermagnesemia ( P < 0.05). The incidence of hypomagnesemia was 57.6% in patients with diabetes mellitus compared to 32.8% in those without diabetes. This difference was found to be statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The odds of being diabetic in those with hypomagnesemia were 2.746 times more than those without hypomagnesemia. Conclusions: This study highlights the magnitude of magnesium disturbances on admission in critically ill patients admitted to ICU in the given settings. Hypomagnesemia is associated with a high SOFA score.
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Tiruvuri et al. (2024) studied this question.
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