Failure of Low-Dose Systemic Corticosteroid in Preventing Acute Exacerbation of Human Leukocyte Antigen B27-Associated Anterior Uveitis: a Case Report

This case highlights the progression of human leukocyte antigen B27-associated anterior uveitis to panuveitis despite treatment with low-dose systemic corticosteroids. The patient initially experienced slow disease progression with topical steroid therapy, but the condition deteriorated upon the initiation of 20 mg systemic corticosteroids, marked by the development of a cyclitic membrane preventing vitreous assessment. Increasing the systemic steroid dose to 60 mg led to gradual clinical improvement. This case highlights the inadequate immunosuppression with low-dose steroids in severe uveitis and underscores the importance of timely dose escalation to prevent further complications and ensure favorable outcomes.