Population
30 patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and 20 age-matched control subjects (total n=50)
Design
Case-control
Authors
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May refine CHF prognostication beyond BNP; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation.
Endothelial cell damage and dysfunction are present in congestive heart failure and are independently associated with the condition alongside BNP.
Chong et al. (2004) studied this question.
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