Lynne M. Connelly, PhD, RN, is a colonel, Army Nurse Corps, and is chief, Department of Nursing Science, Army Medical Department Center & School, San Antonio, TX. Marge Bott, RN, MA, is a senior research associate, School of Nursing, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS. Nancy Hoffart, PhD, RN, is an associate professor, School of Nursing, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS. Roma Lee Taunton, PhD, RN, FAAN, is a professor, School of Nursing, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS. Accepted for publication December 26, 1996. This study was funded by National Institutes of Health National Center for Nursing Research Grant NCNR 02092-02, "Nurse Managers, Nurse Retention, Patient Outcomes," awarded to the University of Kansas School of Nursing. The authors thank Debbie O'Sullivan and Paula Ellis for their assistance with data collection. The view expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect official policy or positions of the Department of Defense, Department of the Army, or the U.S. Government.
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Connelly et al. (1997) studied this question.
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