On-line parameter identification of the lumped arterial system model: A simulation study

Figures

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  Fig 1. The framework of the on-line parameter identification.

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  Fig 2. The complete cardiovascular system model used for validating the identification algorithm.

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  Fig 3. The five-element lumped model of the arterial system. pao, aortic pressure; Qao, aortic flowrate; psv, systemic venous pressure; Rsa,0, characteristic systemic resistance; Rsa, systemic arterial resistance; Lsa, systemic arterial inertance; Csa,1 and Csa,2, two components of the arterial compliance; QCsa,1 and QCsa,2, flowrates through the two compliances; psa, pressure before pressure drop of the systemic arterial resistance.

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  Fig 4. Simulated pressure and flow waveforms from the complete numerical cardiovascular model under the normal condition: (a) left ventricular pressure, aortic pressure and venous pressure, (b) aortic flow rate.

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  Fig 5. Simulated Pressure and flow waveforms during the variation of parameter values: (a) aortic pressure and venous pressure, (b) aortic flow rate.

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  Fig 6. Plots of the on-line identified results of the five parameters. (a) Rsa and Csa,1, (b) Rsa,0 and Csa,2, (c) Lsa.

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  Fig 7. The predicted output of the lumped arterial model with identified parameter values and the simulated data from the numerical cardiovascular model.

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  Fig 8. The parameter identification time for every cardiac cycle during simulation.

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  Fig 9. Bode plot of the parameter sensitivities of the model near the normal values in Table 1. Sensitivity to the parameters (a) Rsa,0; (b) Rsa; (c) Csa,1; (d) Csa,2; (e) Lsa.