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May 20, 2025PLOS Global Public HealthOpen Access

The prevalence of hypertensive crisis was 18.9% (95% CI: 17%-21%), and individuals who did not adhere to their hypertension medication were 6.3 times more likely to experience a hypertensive crisis (AOR: 6.3; 95% CI: 2.78-13.01; p < 0.001).

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Why the study?

Hypertensive crisis is linked to severe complications, increased mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs, but its local prevalence and associated factors at Livingstone University Teaching Hospital were undetermined.

Population

977 individuals aged ≥ 18 years presenting to an adult medical emergency department

Design

Retrospective cross-sectional study

Authors

LSLukundo SiameMKMbulazi B KabetaGCGift C. Chama

Discussion

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Overview

Hypertensive crisis affects ~19% of emergency presentations with strong links to nonadherence; leaves open need for prospective adherence interventions in similar settings.

Structured PICO

P
Population
977 individuals aged ≥ 18 years who visited the adult medical emergency department at Livingstone University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) in Zambia between January 1 and December 31, 2021.
O
Outcome
Prevalence of hypertensive crisis (defined as systolic BP ≥ 180 mmHg and diastolic BP ≥ 120 mmHg, with or without target organ damage)

Hypertensive crisis is highly prevalent (18.9%) among emergency department patients in Zambia, strongly driven by poor adherence to antihypertensive medications.

Limitations

  • Retrospective design using secondary data
  • Missing data leading to the exclusion of 79 files
  • Single-center study

Cite This Study

Siame et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a70d73be71d69abee08e3e4https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004649
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