Microbial Resistance to Antibiotics

Article1 August 1955MICROBIAL RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICSMARK H. LEPPER, M.D.MARK H. LEPPER, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-43-2-299 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptEver since the introduction of antibiotics there has been considerable interest in the problems stemming from the resistance of certain species or strains of bacteria. Because of the experience with the sulfonamides before penicillin became available, many workers felt that the development of resistance would become a major problem in a short period of time, while others adopted a wait-and-see attitude. During the intervening years the picture has been complicated by (1) the observation that new infections caused by resistant organisms may be superimposed on preëxisting infections, and (2) the introduction of new antibiotics. However, it is now possible to...Bibliography1. Demerec M: Origin of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, J. Bact. 56: 63, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Demerec M: Patterns of bacterial resistance to penicillin, Aureomycin and streptomycin, J. Clin. Investigation 28: 891, 1949. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. MillerBohmhoff CPM: Streptomycin resistance of gonococci and meningococci, J. A. M. A. 132: 16, 1946. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. PriceRandallChandlerReedy CWWAVLRJ: Observations on the in vitro and in vivo development of bacterial resistance to streptomycin, J. Bact. 53: 481, 1947. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. PaineFinland TFM: Observations on bacteria sensitive to, resistant to and dependent upon streptomycin, J. Bact. 56: 207, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. HeilmanHerrellWellmanGeraci FRWEWEJD: Some laboratory and clinical observations on a new antibiotic, erythromycin (Ilotycin), Proc. Staff Meet., Mayo Clin. 27: 285-304, 1952. MedlineGoogle Scholar7. SmithDykeGriffith JWRWRS: Absorption following oral administration of erythromycin, J. A. M. A. 151: 805-810, 1953. MedlineGoogle Scholar8. HaightFinland THM: Resistance of bacteria to erythromycine, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med. 81: 183-188, 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9. PittengerWolfeMarks RCRNPN: The action of erythromycin against Micrococcus pyogenes variety aureus in vitro, Antibiotics Ann. 1953-1954, pp. 449, Med. Enc., Inc. Google Scholar10. DowlingLepperJackson HFMHGG: Clinical significance of antibiotic resistant bacteria, J. A. M. A. 157: 327-337, 1955. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar11. Mitchell RS: The relation of cavity to the development of streptomycin resistant tubercle bacilli in pulmonary tuberculosis, New England J. Med. 241: 450, 1949. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar12. PhillipsRomanskyNasou LVMJJP: Staphylococcal septicemia and endocarditis secondary to cortisone treated exfoliative dermatitis due to penicillin, Antibiotics Ann. 1954-1955, pp. 68, Med. Enc., Inc. Google Scholar13. LepperDowlingJacksonHirsch MHHFGGMM: Epidemiology of penicillin and Aureomycin resistant staphylococci in a hospital population, Arch. Int. Med. 92: 40-50, 1953. CrossrefGoogle Scholar14. DowlingHirshO'Neil HFHLCB: Studies on bacteria developing resistance to penicillin fractions X + G in vitro and in patients under treatment for bacterial endocarditis, J. Clin. Investigation 25: 665-672, 1946. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar15. Tucker WB: A review of the current status of the chemotherapy of tuberculosis, Ann. Int. Med. 39: 1045, 1953. LinkGoogle Scholar16. OestreicherDresslerRussellGrowMiddlebrook RSHWFJBG: Observations on the pathogenicity of isoniazid-resistant mutants of tubercle bacilli for tuberculous patients, Am. Rev. Tuberc. 71: 390-406, 1955. MedlineGoogle Scholar17. McDermottMuschenheimHadleyBunnGorman WCSJPARV: Streptomycin in the treatment of tuberculosis in humans. I. Meningitis and generalized hematogenous tuberculosis, Ann. Int. Med. 27: 769, 1947. LinkGoogle Scholar18. LepperJacksonDowling MHGGHF: Usefulness of minimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics to identify strains of Micrococcus pyogenes var. aureus , Antibiotics Ann. 1954-1955, pp. 1037, Med. Enc., Inc. Google Scholar19. BarberWhitehead MJE: Bacteriophage types in penicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections, Brit. M. J. 2: 565-569, 1949. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar20. Elwood JS: The penicillin sensitivity and phage types of staphylococci isolated from hospital patients, J. Hyg. 49: 263-267, 1951. MedlineGoogle Scholar21. LepperMoultonDowlingJacksonKofman MHBHFGGS: Epidemiology of erythromycin resistant staphylococci in a hospital population. Effect on therapeutic activity of erythromycin, Antibiotics Ann. 1953-1954, pp. 308, Med. Enc., Inc. Google Scholar22. LepperJacksonDowling MHGGHF: Characteristics of the micrococcal nasal carrier state among hospital personnel, J. Lab. and Clin. Med., in press. Google Scholar23. Finland M: Some observations on changing patterns of resistance of certain common pathogenic bacteria to antimicrobial agents, Antibiotics Ann. 1954-1955, pp. 35, Med. Enc., Inc. Google Scholar24. LepperKofmanBlattDowlingJackson MHSNHHFGG: Effect of eight antibiotics used singly and in combination on the tracheal flora following tracheotomy in poliomyelitis, Antibiotics and Chemotherapy 4: 829-843, 1954. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Illinois*From the Symposium on Infection, presented at the Thirty-sixth Annual Session of the American College of Physicians, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, April 29, 1955.From the Department of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.†Collection of original data used in this paper supported in part by research grants from Lederle Laboratories Division of American Cyanamid Company, Pearl River, New York, Charles Pfizer Co., Brooklyn, N. Y., and Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Illinois. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEfforts to regulate antibiotic misuse in hospitals: A historyAntimicrobial Stewardship: How the Microbiology Laboratory Can Right the ShipAdaptation or selection? Old issues and new stakes in the postwar debates over bacterial drug resistanceChanging Patterns of Susceptibility of Common Bacterial Pathogens to Antimicrobial AgentsMAXWELL FINLAND, M.D., M.A.C.P.Erkrankungen des EndokardLOCAL ANTIBIOTICS IN SKIN INFECTIONS.Prevention of Infection in Surgical WoundsEvaluation of sulfaethylthiadiazole (SETD) in common infectious states in childrenStaphylococci in a Community HospitalPrevention and Control of Postoperative Wound Infections Owing to Staphylococcus aureusCombinations of Antimicrobial Agents in Pediatric PracticeEmergence of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria 1 August 1955Volume 43, Issue 2Page: 299-315KeywordsAntibioticsBacteriaEscherichia coliMycobacterium tuberculosisPenicillinPseudomonasResearch grantsRiversSulfonamide Issue Published: 1 August 1955 PDF downloadLoading ...