Why the study?
Current understanding of tuberculous pericarditis is based on models derived from studies performed in the 1940-50s.
This review provides an updated understanding of the immunopathogenesis of tuberculous pericarditis, highlighting the impact of HIV and factors leading to constriction.
Challenges outdated 1940-50s models in tuberculous pericarditis; leaves open updated immunopathogenesis-guided diagnostics and therapies.
Tuberculous pericarditis is a severe form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and is the commonest cause of pericardial effusion in high incidence settings. Mortality ranges between 8 and 34%, and it is the leading cause of pericardial constriction in Africa and Asia. Current understanding of the disease is based on models derived from studies performed in the 1940-50s. This review summarises recent advances in the histology, microbiology and immunology of tuberculous pericarditis, with special focus on the effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the determinants of constriction.
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Howlett et al. (2020) studied this question.
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