Palmer and Pellegrini-Stieda Disease, Two Late Complications of Medial Collateral Ligament Rupture of the Knee

Objective: To assess the pathophysiology, clinical, radiological, arthroscopic picture, and treatment of two late complications of traumatic injury to the internal collateral ligament of the knee. Method:The search and analysis of the information was carried out in the period from January 1 to May 31, 2023, in the PubMed, Hinari, SciELO and Medline databases using the EndNote search manager and reference manager, using Keywords: rupture, internal collateral ligament, disease, Palmer, Pellegrini-Stieda.A total of 38 articles were obtained, of which 18 from the last five years were selected for discussion.Development: Palmer and Pellegrini-Stieda disease are late complications resulting from traumatic rupture of the internal collateral ligament but with a different behaviour, the first with intra-articular manifestations with repercussions on the functionality of the joint simulating a rupture of the internal meniscus and the second with extra-articular manifestations with ossification of the thickness of the internal collateral ligament and notable impairment of knee function. Conclusion:Internal collateral ligament rupture, undiagnosed or insufficiently treated, can result in Palmer's or Pellegrini-Stieda's disease as a late complication, the treatment of which is cumbersome, hence the importance of its correct diagnosis and treatment.