Why the study?
There is no consensus on the origin of irregularity in the cardiovascular system, and experimental testing of the role of nonlinear bidirectional cardiorespiratory coupling is limited by equipment constraints and biological nonstationarity.
This mathematical modeling study investigates the role of cardiorespiratory coupling in the irregular dynamics of the cardiovascular system.
Warrants no practice change yet; leaves open whether targeting cardiorespiratory coupling improves cardiovascular outcomes.
Irregularity is an important aspect of the cardiovascular system dynamics. Numerical indices of irregularity, such as the largest Lyapunov exponent and the correlation dimension estimated from interbeat interval time series, are early markers of cardiovascular diseases. However, there is no consensus on the origin of irregularity in the cardiovascular system. A common hypothesis suggests the importance of nonlinear bidirectional coupling between the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system for irregularity. Experimental investigations of this theory are severely limited by the capabilities of modern medical equipment and the nonstationarity of real biological systems. Therefore, we studied this problem using a mathematical model of the coupled cardiovascular system and respiratory system. We estimated and compared the numerical indices of complexity for a model simulating the cardiovascular dynamics in healthy subjects and a model with blocked regulation of the respiratory frequency and amplitude, which disturbs the coupling between the studied systems.
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Ishbulatov et al. (2022) studied this question.
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