Does moderate-to-vigorous physical activity reduce the odds of advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages in U.S. adults?
Achieving ≥150 minutes per week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is associated with significantly lower odds of advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages in U.S. adults.
Background: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome, newly defined by the American Heart Association, integrates metabolic risk factors, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular dysfunction. Although clinically important, evidence-based prevention strategies remain limited. This study examined associations of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with CKM stage in a representative U.S. adult sample. Methods: We used survey-weighted multinomial logistic regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS). MVPA was classified as 0, 1-149, and ≥ 150 min/week; SB as 3.49; medium >1.49-<3.49; low ≤1.49). Results: Compared with individuals reporting no MVPA, those achieving ≥150 min/week had approximately 33 % lower odds of CKM stage 1 (OR 0.67, 95 % CI 0.46-0.97), 44 % lower odds of stage 2 (OR 0.56, 95 % CI 0.38-0.83), 92 % lower odds of stage 3 (OR 0.09, 95 % CI 0.02-0.32), and 65 % lower odds of stage 4 (OR 0.35, 95 % CI 0.19-0.63). Subgroup analyses by age, sex, poverty-income ratio, and SB indicated that the protective impact of MVPA was evident across age and socioeconomic subgroups, with relatively stronger associations among younger adults and benefits at both low and high socioeconomic strata. By contrast, SB showed weaker independent associations with CKM severity after full adjustment. Conclusions: Greater MVPA was associated with lower odds of advanced CKM stage. These findings highlight the role of physical activity in CKM prevention and support public health strategies to reduce lifestyle-related risks.
Pang et al. (Wed,) studied this question.