Characteristics of morphological features of schoolchildren physical develop- ment in the process of physical education

The article addresses the study of morphological features of schoolchildren physical development in the process of physical education. Objective. To study peculiarities of morphological features of schoolchildren aged 7-16 years physical development. Methods. Theoretical analysis and generalization of data of special scientificmethodical literature, pedagogical observations, anthropometry, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. The study involved 600 schoolchildren of Kyiv aged 7-16 years. Morphological features were evaluated in two stages. At the first stage, proportional signs of schoolchildren were determined by means of calculation indexes; at the second, the somatotype of schoolchildren was determined according to the method of R. N. Dorokhov. Analysis of scientific and methodological literature allowed to establish that morphological features are one of the most important indices of physical development, and hence the health of schoolchildren. However, the constitutional typology of children is practically not developed, despite the fact that the type of physique in childhood is an index of great predictive value. That is why an individual approach is needed accounting for the constitutional features of the child when assessing the level of his physical development. The study resulted in determination of proportional peculiarities and somatotype of schoolchildren aged 7-16 years. It was revealed that individual morphofunctional features are more pronounced in children of the senior school age. The most characteristic feature of the growth processes at this age is the increase in latitudinal dimensions of the trunk, whereas the growth of the limbs and trunk is somewhat slow. The results of our research showed that in the distribution of adolescents in the dimensional level of variation the macrosomic and mesosomic type prevails; with regard to the component and proportional levels of variation, the predominance of persons with reduced dimensions, low fat, muscle and bone components takes place. The use of proportional identification allows to detect changes in the geometry of the body mass of school-age children