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December 1, 1974The Journal of Immunology

Involvement of T Lymphocytes in the Pathogenesis of Coxsackie Virus B3 Heart Disease

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Why the study?

Does T cell depletion prevent cardiac inflammation and mortality in mice infected with Coxsackie virus B3?

Population

Adult CD-1 and BALB/c mice inoculated i.p. with Coxsackie virus B3

Comparison

T cell depletion vs Intact mice and thymectomized irradiated mice…

Design

Preclinical

Follow-up

up to 14 days

Authors

JWJack F. WoodruffState University of New YorkJWJudith J. WoodruffEast Tennessee State University

Discussion

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Implication

T cell targeting merits exploration in viral myocarditis models; leaves open translation to human disease.

Key Points

  • To determine the role of T lymphocytes in mediating viral clearance and myocardial tissue damage during Coxsackie virus B3 infection.
  • Inoculated adult CD-1 and BALB/c mice intraperitoneally with Coxsackie virus B3.
  • Depleted T cells via rabbit anti-thymocyte serum in CD-1 mice, or via thymectomy, lethal irradiation, and bone marrow reconstitution in BALB/c mice.
  • Assessed cardiac viral titers, myocardial histopathology, mortality, and antiviral antibody production across experimental and control groups.
  • T-cell-deprived mice suppressed viral replication within 6 to 8 days at rates matching intact controls, indicating viral clearance occurs independently of T cell function.
  • Anti-thymocyte serum administration significantly reduced cardiac inflammation and myofiber necrosis in CD-1 mice.
  • T-cell deprivation protected BALB/c mice from lethal infection (normally occurring 8 to 14 days post-infection) and significantly lowered cardiac necrosis compared to intact or thymus-reconstituted controls.

Structured PICO

Does T cell depletion prevent cardiac inflammation and mortality in mice infected with Coxsackie virus B3?

P
Population
Adult CD-1 and BALB/c mice inoculated i.p. with Coxsackie virus B3
I
Intervention
T cell depletion (rabbit anti-thymocyte serum [ATS] in CD-1 mice; thymectomy, lethal irradiation, and bone marrow reconstitution in BALB/c mice)
C
Comparator
Intact mice and thymectomized irradiated mice reconstituted with both bone marrow and thymus cells
O
Outcome
Viral replication, survival, and degree of cardiac inflammation and necrosissurrogate

T lymphocytes play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Coxsackie virus B3-induced heart disease, mediating inflammation and tissue injury rather than viral clearance.

Cite This Study

Woodruff et al. (1974) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a71a48ca528af2d65c4287chttps://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.113.6.1726
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1The role of CD8+ T lymphocytes in coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis1995 · 264 citations
  2. 2Lack of Correlation between Neutralizing Antibody Production and Suppression of Coxsackievirus B-3 Replication in Target Organs: Evidence for Involvement of Mononuclear Inflammatory Cells in Host Defense1979 · 52 citations
  3. 3Apoptosis in Coxsackievirus B3‐induced Myocarditis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy1999 · 49 citations
  4. 4Differences in cytolytic T cell response of BALB/c mice infected with myocarditic and non-myocarditic strains of coxsackievirus group B, type 31983 · 55 citations
  5. 5Generation of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes during Coxsackievirus B-3 Infection1977 · 59 citations