Prevention of Adriamycin-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in male BALB/c mice by a nutrient mixture

Adriamycin (ADR), an antineoplastic antibiotic used in cancer therapy, is associated with toxicity to vital organs with long-term use. A nutrient mixture (NM) has previously been shown to exhibit a broad spectrum of therapeutic properties. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the NM is useful for preventing ADR-induced hepatic and nephric toxicity. Six-week-old male BALB/c mice were divided into four groups of six animals each. Groups A and C were fed a regular diet for three weeks and groups B and D were fed a diet supplemented with 1% NM. After three weeks, the mice in groups C and D received 20 mg/kg body weight ADR intraperitoneally, while those in groups A and B received saline alone. Animals were sacrificed after 24 h, blood samples were collected and serum was obtained for clinical chemistry. Organs were also excised and weighed. Administration of ADR to group C (control diet) resulted in a marked increase in hepatic alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transferase levels and renal blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and uric acid serum markers. However, in group D (NM 1% diet), the serum markers were comparable with the levels of group A and B. Therefore, the results indicate that NM has the potential to protect against ADR-induced hepatic and nephric damage.