Key result
Poliovirus capsid proteins VP1 and VP3, particularly two independent peptides of VP3, can penetrate vascular endothelial cells and traverse an in vitro blood-brain barrier model.
Why the study?
Poliovirus enters the central nervous system via the bloodstream, suggesting a mechanism exists to cross the blood-brain barrier.
Poliovirus capsid protein VP3 and its peptides can penetrate vascular endothelial cells and cross an in vitro blood-brain barrier model, providing insights into the mechanisms of viral invasion into the central nervous system.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
VP3 peptides penetrate endothelial cells; leaves open their role in poliovirus CNS entry and any therapeutic applications.
The poliovirus (PV) enters the central nervous system (CNS) via the bloodstream, suggesting the existence of a mechanism to cross the blood-brain barrier. Here, we report that PV capsid proteins (VP1 and VP3) can penetrate cells, with VP3 being more invasive. Two independent parts of VP3 are responsible for this function. Both peptides can penetrate human umbilical cord vascular endothelial cells, and one peptide of VP3 could also penetrate peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In an in vitro blood-brain barrier model using rat-derived astrocytes, pericytes, and endothelial cells, both peptides were observed to traverse from the blood side to the brain side at 6 h after administration. These results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying PV invasion into the CNS.
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Mizutani et al. (2024) studied Poliovirus invasion into the central nervous system. Poliovirus capsid proteins (VP1 and VP3) was evaluated on Cell penetration and traversal of an in vitro blood-brain barrier model. Poliovirus capsid proteins VP1 and VP3, particularly two independent peptides of VP3, can penetrate vascular endothelial cells and traverse an in vitro blood-brain barrier model.
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