Why the study?
Cardiac tamponade is a rare complication of central venous catheter placement associated with mortality exceeding 60%, prompting a review of its presentation, management, and prevention.
What are the characteristics, management, and prevention strategies for iatrogenic cardiac tamponade secondary to central venous catheter placement?
What are the characteristics, management, and prevention strategies for iatrogenic cardiac tamponade secondary to central venous catheter placement?
Cardiac tamponade is a rare but highly fatal complication of central venous catheter placement that requires prompt recognition, immediate cessation of infusions, and pericardiocentesis.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Clinicians should heighten suspicion for tamponade during CVC placement; narrative review leaves open optimal prevention strategies.
Cardiac tamponade is the fluid accumulation within the pericardial sac that compresses the heart and decreases cardiac output. More than 20% of the cases are surgical or non-surgical iatrogenic causes. Cardiac tamponade has been described as a rare complication of central venous catheter placement with an incidence in adults as low as less than 1% but with significantly high mortality of more than 60%. The purpose of this article is to review the incidence, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of cardiac tamponade after central venous catheter placement as well as different methods to prevent this fatal complication from occurring.
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Alvarez et al. (2023) studied this question.
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