This paper presents a microwave active transponder using a two-port cross-shaped microstrip antenna. The linearly polarized field coming from an interrogating signal is received by the first port, amplified and used as the locking signal of a local oscillator. The output signal of this oscillator is radiated with an orthogonal polarization by the second port of the same antenna. Two transponders are then connected in a Van Atta array arrangement to provide a retrodirective function. This type of array can be built at low cost and finds application in short-range communications for vehicular systems.
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Luxey et al. (1999) studied this question.
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