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Comparative study demonstrates consistent calibration across three primary photovoltaic cell methods, highlighting reliable traceability to international standards.
The calibration of photovoltaic reference cells used as primary laboratory standards for the calibration of photovoltaic devices needs to be traceable to international radiometric standards and SI units. As a contribution to the development of an international standard this paper describes three methods for the calibration of primary photovoltaic reference cells, establishing two independent traceability chains. The solar simulator method is traceable via a standard lamp to the international irradiance scale whereas the global sunlight method and the modified global sunlight method are traceable to the world radiometric reference. The calibration values obtained by the three methods agree with each other within their respective uncertainties and with the world photovoltaic scale within ± 0·8%.
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Müllejans et al. (2005) studied this question.
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