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Aim: In the last years, sustainability has been identified as an enormous problem, with many facets gaining increasing attention. In this broad scenario, the availability of models for environmental sustainability constitutes a conceptual tool to guide industries towards reducing the environmental impact deriving from production. This work aims to contribute to the research on environmental sustainability in manufacturing by proposing a model that leverages the Goal Question Metrics approach and technologies of Industry 4.0. Methods: The Goal Question Metrics approach and technologies of Industry 4.0 are leveraged by proposing a model that contributes to environmental sustainability in manufacturing. Results: A model is proposed that can be used as a conceptual tool to support improvement programs in environmental sustainability. Conclusion: The application of the Goal Question Metrics+ Strategies to a case study of an automotive industry shows how the approach, combined with the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies, contributes to the efficient use of natural resources and also reduces the emissions in the atmosphere.
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Nota et al. (2022) studied this question.
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