Targeted Editing of the Ginsenoside Biosynthesis Pathway in Ginseng Using CRISPRCas9 Technology and Its Implications

CRISPR/Cas9 technology, as a revolutionary gene editing tool, has garnered widespread attention in the field of plant biology. This review focuses on ginseng (Panax ginseng) and explores the application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in targeted editing of the ginsenoside biosynthesis pathway, as well as its potential impact on medicinal value. Panax ginseng, a significant traditional medicinal herb, contains bioactive compounds known as ginsenoside, which possess various medicinal properties such as immunomodulation, anti-fatigue, and anti-cancer effects. To enhance ginsenoside production, the precise regulation of its biosynthesis pathway through CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing has emerged as an effective strategy. This review elaborates on the ginsenoside biosynthesis pathway, the advancements in CRISPR/Cas9 technology, and the latest research progress in manipulating the ginsenoside biosynthesis pathway using this technique. Through this review, we delve into the application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in the ginsenoside biosynthesis pathway of ginseng, providing a theoretical basis and technical reference for further exploring the medicinal potential of ginseng.