The Effect of Metabolic Syndrome and its Individual Components on the Duration of the QTc Interval in Different Gene Carriers of the Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Adapter Protein Gene in Patients with Schizophrenia

Background : it has now been established that genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases. Taking into account the literature data and our own scientific background, the general pattern of the pathogenesis of these disorders may be an imbalance in the work of nitric oxide synthase. The aim was to study the effect of metabolic syndrome and its individual components on the duration of the QTc interval in schizophrenia patients with different variants of NOS1AP gene carriage. Patients and Methods : 168 patients with schizophrenia aged 18–55 years were examined. The components of the metabolic syndrome were determined according to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation from 2005. At the time of admission to the hospital, a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram recording was performed. The calculation of the QTc interval was carried out using the Bazett formula. The components of the metabolic syndrome were determined by colorimetric enzymatic method. Three single nucleotide polymorphic variants of the NOS1AP gene (rs12029454, rs10494366 and rs12143842) were selected for genotyping. Results : it was found that abdominal obesity had a significant effect on the QTc interval only in the case of carrying the GG rs12029454 genotype. The presence of arterial hypertension increased the duration of the QTc interval in patients with the genotype GG rs12029454, TT rs10494366 and TT rs12143842. It was also found that hypertriglyceridemia is an additional factor affecting the QTc interval in patients carrying the GG rs12029454 genotype. Conclusion : the results of the study confirmed our hypothesis that the nature of the relationship between the duration of the QTc interval and the components of the metabolic syndrome differs among different variants of the NOS1AP gene in patients with schizophrenia.