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July 28, 2025CancersOpen Access

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Immunosuppressive Crosstalk with Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells and Implications for Therapeutic Resistance

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Authors

JPJogendra Singh PawarThe Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research InstituteMSMd. Abdus SalamUniversiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahMDMd. Shalman Uddin DiptoUniversity of Rajshahi

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Implication

Narrative review demonstrates how cancer-associated fibroblasts drive immunosuppression and therapy resistance in the tumor microenvironment, highlighting targets for novel immunotherapies.

Key Points

  • Synthesize current evidence on cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) biology and characterize their bidirectional crosstalk with tumor-infiltrating immune cells in promoting tumor progression and therapeutic resistance.
  • Narrative review evaluating literature on the phenotypic heterogeneity, secretome, and matrix-remodeling activities of CAFs.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways mediating immunosuppressive interactions between CAFs and tumor-infiltrating immune cells within the tumor microenvironment.
  • CAFs secrete biochemical mediators and exosomes that suppress the antitumor functions of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and upregulate immune inhibitory checkpoints.
  • CAF-mediated deposition and remodeling of the extracellular matrix physically alters the tumor stroma to promote tumor invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance.

Cite This Study

Pawar et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a72e62f5d387586d7543f4fhttps://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17152484
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