Key result
Dogs with mitral valve regurgitation exhibited reversed vectors forming vortexes along the posterior wall of the left ventricle, which occupied a wider range as disease severity increased.
Why the study?
Does vector flow mapping identify differences in left ventricular diastolic blood flow dynamics between normal dogs and dogs with mitral valve regurgitation?
Observational (n=54)
Does vector flow mapping identify differences in left ventricular diastolic blood flow dynamics between normal dogs and dogs with mitral valve regurgitation?
Vector flow mapping reveals altered diastolic blood flow dynamics and abnormal vortex formation in dogs with mitral valve regurgitation, which worsen with disease severity.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Vector flow mapping detects severity-dependent flow changes in canine MR; hypothesis-generating and requires validation before clinical use.
Summary Mitral valve regurgitation (MVR) is a common valvular disease in dogs. Hydrokinetic evaluation of the blood flow within the ventricles has become possible by vector flow mapping (VFM), which shows the blood flow within the ventricles in vector and vortex flows. Blood flow within the left ventricle of MVR dogs was compared at different stages of MVR and to that of normal dogs. 14 normal dogs and 40 clinical cases of MVR were used. Echocardiographic videos were collected and vectors and vortexes were analysed by VFM analysis using software. In diastole, reversal of vectors which formed vortexes was observed around the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve in the control group. In the MVR dogs, in addition to that, reversed vectors were also observed at the left ventricular free-wall which formed Vortexes along the Posterior Wall (PWv). As MVR became more severe, PWv occupied a wider range; however, it was not observed at the outflow tract, suggesting that it occurs to lower transfer effectiveness. Controlling transfer effectiveness may be considered to alleviate the exacerbation of the heart failure caused by MVR.
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Shimizu et al. (2014) conducted an observational in Mitral valve regurgitation (n=54). Mitral valve regurgitation vs. Normal dogs was evaluated on Blood flow dynamics (vectors and vortexes) in the left ventricle. Dogs with mitral valve regurgitation exhibited reversed vectors forming vortexes along the posterior wall of the left ventricle, which occupied a wider range as disease severity increased.
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