Why the study?
Cardiovascular risk factors are frequent in CKD and affect cardiac structure and function, motivating the description of transthoracic Doppler echocardiography abnormalities and their associated factors in this population.
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In a cohort of hospitalized patients with chronic kidney disease in Ivory Coast, echocardiographic abnormalities were highly prevalent (78.8%), predominantly left ventricular dilatation and hypertrophy, which were associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors and severe renal impairment.
Background: Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) are very frequent in pa-tients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and impose a new environment to which the heart must adapt. Cardiac ultrasound is a non-invasive and easy-to-perform examination that allows quantitative and qualitative assessment of the anatomy and function of the heart. The objectives of this study were to describe abnormalities observed on trans-thoracic Doppler-echocar-diography and to investigate the factors associated with them. Materials and Method: This was a monocentric retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in CKD patients hospitalized in a hospital center in Côte d'Ivoire from January 2017 to December 2018. Results: One hundred and four cases were collected with a mean age of 48.87 ± 14.47 years and a sex ratio of 1.7. Patients with end-stage-renal-disease (ESRD) represented 83.7% with 55.8% of cases of chronic glomerulonephritis. Cardiovascular risk factors were 100% anemia, 84.6% inflammatory profile, 77.9% hypertension, 76.9% hypocalcemia and in 67.3% oedema. Cardiac abnormalities were observed in 78.8% of patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), accounting for 20.2% of cases, was associated with male gender (OR 0.127 CI 0.025 - 0.643; p = 0.013) and hypertensive nephropathy (OR 0.189 CI 0.056 - 0.637; p = 0.007). History of hypertension (OR 0.297 CI 0.084 - 1.050; p = 0.060) and diabetes (OR 5.315 CI 1.260 - 22.419; p = 0.023), hypertensive nephropathy (OR 0.174 CI 0.052 - 0.585; p = 0.005) and hypocalcemia (OR 6.094 CI 1.723 - 21.559; p = 0.005) are incriminated in the development of left ventricular dilatation (LVD) which accounted for 38.5% of cases. Conclusion: Left ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation are the main echocardiographic abnormalities observed in our population.
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Tia et al. (2022) studied this question.
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