Forensic Psychological Examination: Features of Appointment in Criminal Jurisdiction

The article is devoted to the problem of appointment of forensic psychological examination in criminal proceedings. When investigating criminal offenses and directly considering cases in court, in some cases there is a necessary need to use special knowledge in the field of psychology. Current criminal procedural legislation provides for the following forms of use of special knowledge: 1. Participation of a specialist psychologist in the conduct of public investigative (search) actions (for example, in the interrogation of a minor or a minor); 2. Appointment and conduct of forensic psychological examination. In modern forensic literature, the participants in criminal proceedings (investigators, prosecutors, defense attorneys) receive consultations from specialists in the field of psychology in order to conduct and obtain evidentiary information from victims, witnesses, and suspects in the most effective way. The authors of the work made an attempt to systematize both the main directions of the assignment of forensic psychological examination and the presentation of a focused range of issues to experts. The researchers include the following as the main areas of forensic psychological research: -establishment of individual and psychological characteristics of the sub-expert person, which significantly influenced his behavior during the commission of illegal actions by him; - establishing the basic ability of a sub-expert person (taking into account individual psychological and age characteristics, level of mental development) to correctly perceive the circumstances that are important for the case, and to give correct testimony about them; -- establishing whether the person under examination was in a state of physiological affect at the time of committing the crime; determination of whether the sub-expert person was in the period preceding the commission of the crime, or at the time of the commission of the crime, in an emotional state that significantly affected the ability to correctly perceive the phenomena of reality, the content of a specific situation (emotional states of the type of great neuropsychological tension); - establishing the ability of a sub-expert person to understand the nature and meaning of the actions applied to them, and to resist; - establishing the fundamental possibility of the subject's occurrence in a specific situation of mental states that make it impossible or significantly difficult to perform professional functions; - establishing whether the deceased was in a mental state tending to suicide in the period preceding death, and, if so in this state, what could have caused it.