Neuroprotective effect of Tabernaemontana divaricata against LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation and Spatial Memory Loss in rats

Progressive neuronal loss, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation are hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's, which eventually result in cognitive decline. Using natural products to target neuroinflammatory pathways has become a promising therapeutic approach for neuroprotection. Indole alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic components have notable pharmacological effects in neurodegeneration. These bioactive substances are found in Tabernaemontana divaricata, a medicinal plant belonging to Apocynaceae family. The current article emphasizes T. divaricata's neuroprotective potential and its possible contribution to reducing cognitive impairment brought on by neuroinflammation. Pharmacological and experimental research indicates that the plant has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant qualities. It can scavenge free radicals, prevent lipid peroxidation, and reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Furthermore, by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, its bioactive chemicals may improve cholinergic neurotransmission and promote neuronal survival by preserving neurotrophic factors like brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Together, these processes enhance neuronal protection, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive performance. With all factors considered, T. divaricata shows encouraging neuroprotective potential and could be a useful natural medicinal option for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases linked to neuroinflammation.