Review on Cardiorespiratory Complications after SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Young Adult Healthy Athletes

Figures

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  Figure 1. Performed literature search and study selection.

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  Figure 2. Column diagram of sport categories with counts and cumulative frequencies for each study and for the cumulative population of athletes. Some sport categories include two or more sport disciplines with similarities or common origins. Specifically, the football/rugby category includes football (1537) and rugby (13); the baseball/softball category includes baseball (479) and softball (97); the track-and-field/cross-country category includes track and field (n.a.) and cross country (n.a.); the racket sports category includes tennis (67) and squash (10); the watersports category includes swimming/diving (158), crew (54), water polo (37), sailing (10) and synchronized swimming (2); the combat sports category includes wrestling (77), fencing (15) and judo (1); finally, the cheerleading/dance category includes cheerleading (n.a.) and dance (n.a.). Study [29] includes the 12 athletes of study [19]. ‘*’ means that counts were not provided in the study and are consequently considered as not specified in the review.

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  Figure 3. Report of symptoms. Up-left panel shows the distribution of asymptomatic and symptomatic athletes for the cumulative population of athletes (“unknown” indicates subjects who did not report the occurrence of symptoms). Bottom-left panel shows the distribution of symptom severity for the symptomatic athletes. Right panel shows the percentage of symptomatic athletes who reported a specific body-related symptom. Please note that an athlete could indicate the occurrence of one or more symptoms or could indicate or not the body region related to the symptom (“unknown” refers to symptoms for which information related to the body region was not provided). Orange and red bars refer to non-cardiopulmonary and cardiopulmonary symptoms, respectively.

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  Figure 4. Total amount (percentage, %) of confirmed myocarditis (panel (A)), pericarditis (panel (B)) and myopericarditis (panel (C)) stratified by the number of Yes answers to the quality appraisal checklist and the size of the study populations represented by the areas of the circles.