Applying Theory of Change to Embed Saudi Cultural Identity in Slow Fashion Production

This study explores how the Theory of Change (ToC) framework supports the systematic integration of Saudi cultural identity into slow-fashion production while enhancing sustainability and product longevity. Using a qualitative descriptive–analytical approach and methodological triangulation, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with five Saudi sustainability-oriented fashion manufacturers, field observations of fashion exhibitions, and analysis of official documents from relevant institutions. The findings indicate that ToC offers a structured pathway for embedding cultural identity across production stages inputs, activities, outputs, outcomes, and long-term impacts. Integrating cultural identity influences material selection, design choices, production processes, and consumer engagement, contributing to durability, cultural authenticity, and sustainability. The study advances cultural sustainability literature by positioning ToC as strategic analytical tool and offers practical insights for designers, manufacturers, and policymakers aligned with Saudi Vision 2030.