Key result
Supervised endurance exercise training increased flow-mediated dilation in 76% of subjects, with greater improvements seen in those with lower baseline body weight and endothelial function.
Why the study?
Does supervised endurance exercise training improve flow-mediated dilation in human subjects?
Observational (n=182)
Yes
Does supervised endurance exercise training improve flow-mediated dilation in human subjects?
Exercise training improves endothelial function (FMD%) in the majority of subjects, with these cardioprotective effects being largely independent of changes in traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Endurance training may enhance endothelial function; leaves open causality, generalizability, and independence from risk factors in randomized trials.
The objectives of our study were to examine 1) the proportion of responders and nonresponders to exercise training in terms of vascular function; 2) a priori factors related to exercise training-induced changes in conduit artery function, and 3) the contribution of traditional cardiovascular risk factors to exercise-induced changes in artery function. We pooled data from our laboratories involving 182 subjects who underwent supervised, large-muscle group, endurance-type exercise training interventions with pre-/posttraining measures of flow-mediated dilation (FMD%) to assess artery function. All studies adopted an identical FMD protocol (5-min ischemia, distal cuff inflation), contemporary echo-Doppler methodology, and observer-independent automated analysis. Linear regression analysis was used to identify factors contributing to changes in FMD%. We found that cardiopulmonary fitness improved, and weight, body mass index (BMI), cholesterol, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased after training, while FMD% increased in 76% of subjects (P < 0.001). Training-induced increase in FMD% was predicted by lower body weight (β = -0.212), lower baseline FMD% (β = -0.469), lower training frequency (β = -0.256), and longer training duration (β = 0.367) (combined: P < 0.001, r = 0.63). With the exception of a modest correlation with total cholesterol (r = -0.243, P < 0.01), changes in traditional cardiovascular risk factors were not significantly related to changes in FMD% (P > 0.05). In conclusion, we found that, while some subjects do not demonstrate increases following exercise training, improvement in FMD% is present in those with lower pretraining body weight and endothelial function. Moreover, exercise training-induced change in FMD% did not correlate with changes in traditional cardiovascular risk factors, indicating that some cardioprotective effects of exercise training are independent of improvement in risk factors.
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Green et al. (2014) reported an observational. Supervised endurance-type exercise training vs. Baseline was evaluated on Increase in flow-mediated dilation (FMD%) (p=<0.001). Supervised endurance exercise training increased flow-mediated dilation in 76% of subjects, with greater improvements seen in those with lower baseline body weight and endothelial function.
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