Key result
Patient education based on the health belief model significantly improved readmission preventive behaviors but did not significantly reduce the hospital readmission rate at 3 months compared to routine care (31.4% vs 40.0%, p=0.454).
Why the study?
The health belief model is an applicable method of training health preventive behaviors, motivating this study to determine its effect on readmission preventive behaviors and readmission rates in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Does patient education based on the health belief model improve readmission preventive behaviors and reduce the readmission rate in patients with acute coronary syndrome?
Does patient education based on the health belief model improve readmission preventive behaviors and reduce the readmission rate in patients with acute coronary syndrome?
Absolute Event Rate: 31.4% vs 40%
p-value: p=0.454
Health belief model-based education significantly improved readmission preventive behaviors in patients with acute coronary syndrome, but did not significantly reduce the short-term hospital readmission rate.
Education improved behaviors without cutting readmissions; leaves open whether sustained programs alter outcomes in larger trials.
BACKGROUND: The health belief model is one of the applicable methods of training health preventive behaviors, especially in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of patient education based on the health belief model on readmission preventive behaviors and readmission rate in patients with a primary diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. METHODS: The present quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2020 on patients with a primary diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome who were discharging from Seyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Urmia, Iran. In this study, a total of 70 samples were recruited using convenience sampling and then randomly assigned to two groups of intervention and control (n = 35 in each group). A total of 7 face-to-face group training sessions were held with the participation of the patients and one of their family members during 14 days after hospital discharge. These sessions were conducted along with concentration on the structures of the health belief model. Data were collected at three time points of immediately before, one month, and three months after the intervention using a demographic questionnaire, a researcher-made questionnaire of readmission preventive behaviors in cardiovascular diseases, and a checklist of hospital readmission. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA). RESULTS: The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the mean score of preventive behaviors between the two groups at time points of one month and three months after the intervention (p < .05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the readmission rate between the two groups after the intervention (p > .05). CONCLUSION: Health belief model-based education was shown to be effective on readmission preventive behaviors in patients with acute coronary syndrome, although this model had no effect on the readmission rate in these patients. Other factors affecting the readmission rate are recommended to be investigated.
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Habibzadeh et al. (2021) studied Acute coronary syndrome (n=70). Patient education based on the health belief model vs. Routine post-discharge care was evaluated on Hospital readmission rate at 3 months (p=0.454). Patient education based on the health belief model significantly improved readmission preventive behaviors but did not significantly reduce the hospital readmission rate at 3 months compared to routine care (31.4% vs 40.0%, p=0.454).
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