Key result
Two fatal cases of rotavirus enteritis in children were associated with severe cerebral edema and a G1P[8] rotavirus strain that differed genetically from locally circulating strains of the previous year.
Case Report (n=2)
No
Fatal rotavirus enteritis can occur in industrialized countries, highlighting the need for rotavirus immunization programs.
Fatal rotavirus enteritis with cerebral edema warrants vigilance in children; case reports leave open strain-specific risks and immunization impact.
Two fatal cases of infantile rotavirus enteritis occurred in northern Italy in 2005. Both children were severely dehydrated, and death was related to severe cerebral edema. Histological examination demonstrated extensive damage of the intestinal epithelium, villous atrophy or blunting, and macrophage infiltration. The two rotavirus strains were of the G1P[8] type and the long electropherotype. The 2005 G1P[8] rotaviruses differed in the NSP4, VP3, VP4, and VP7 genes from G1P[8] rotaviruses circulating in 2004, suggesting the onset of a new G1P[8] strain in the local population.
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Medici et al. (2011) conducted a case report in Rotavirus-associated enteritis (n=2). Rotavirus infection (G1P[8] strain) was evaluated on Clinical and molecular characteristics of fatal rotavirus infection. Two fatal cases of rotavirus enteritis in children were associated with severe cerebral edema and a G1P[8] rotavirus strain that differed genetically from locally circulating strains of the previous year.
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