The effects of dual blockade of the renin- angiotensin system on urinary protein and transforming growth factor-b excretion in 2 groups of patients with IgA and diabetic nephropathy

32 patients (14 with IgA nephropathy and 18 with type-2-diabetic nephropathy) with moderate proteinuria (>= 1.0 g/day) and renal dysfunction (creatinine clearance 25 - 75 ml/min), on long-term optimally controlled blood pressure taking ACE inhibitors.

Candesartan 4 to 8 mg once-daily added to ramipril 5 - 7.5 mg/day for 16 weeks.

Placebo added to ramipril 5 - 7.5 mg/day for 16 weeks.

24-hour urinary protein excretion rate and urinary TGF-beta1 levelsurrogate